Exercise: Tenses

Let’s consider two sentences from previous lessons to review the suffixes that mark the default and past tense. 

  • Niama cuyu hetela/The woman eats fish.
  • Qisaco iqeco ayesileco cupaco vlipalaco eyo isiticocobacare quenema hebila/She ate dirt, mud, tree leaves, pine bark, broken pottery and other very bad things.

Let us look more carefully at the last word of each sentence:

he-te-la   ‘she eats’

he-bi-la   ‘she ate’

In these examples, the verb he is the first part, and the last part is the -la declarative.  The other suffix is the tense marker. The first example has the suffix -te to mark that the woman “eats” and the second example has the suffix -bi to indicate that a woman ate.

Now match the Timucua sentence with the correct English translation. Note the tense suffixes used.

Clicl on the Timucua phrases to hear them spoken.

1. Caqi viro niocobila.a. This child sees an alligator.
2. Efacarema niocomotela.b. The dog ate meat.
3. Gatoma cuyu hehauela.c. The dogs are running.
4. Efama gato enebitila.d. This woman knows the word/language
5. Caqi niama hebuano nahiabotela.e. The dog did not see the cat.
6. Caqi pequata itori enetela.f. The elders hated the cats.
7. Naribuoma gatocarema yo manibomobila.g. This man ran.
8. Efama soba hebila.h. The cat will eat fish.
Answer Key: 1 is g, 2 is c, 3 is h, 4 is e, 5 is d, 6 is a, 7 is f, and 8 is b.